Creation and Nature Metaphors

These often symbolize God's power, human frailty, or spiritual processes.

Metaphor/Symbol Represents Links Within the Bible Bible References
Rainbow God's covenant and promise of mercy after judgment Links to Flood (judgment), Throne (God's glory), New creation (renewal) Genesis 9:13; Ezekiel 1:28; Revelation 4:3
Stairway/Ladder The way or access to God; mediation between heaven and earth Links to Jesus (fulfillment as mediator), Angels (messengers), Heaven (destination) Genesis 28:11-13; John 1:51
Pillar of Cloud and Fire Divine guidance and protection Links to Exodus (deliverance), Holy Spirit (presence), Light (truth) Exodus 13:21
Grass Human frailty and transience of life Links to Flowers (fading beauty), Dust (mortality), Word of God (enduring contrast) Psalm 90:5-6; 1 Peter 1:24; Isaiah 40:6-8
Clay and Potter Humanity as molded by God; divine sovereignty over creation Links to Father (God as creator), New creation (transformation), Vessel (purpose) Isaiah 64:8; Jeremiah 18:1-6; Romans 9:20-21
Mustard Seed Small beginnings leading to great growth; the Kingdom of God Links to Faith (growth), Tree (maturity), Parables (kingdom illustrations) Matthew 13:31-32; Mark 4:30-32; Luke 13:18-19
Seed (general) Reproduction of spiritual life; the Word of God implanted Links to Sower (preaching), Harvest (judgment/fruition), Imperishable seed (eternal life) 1 Peter 1:23; Matthew 13:3-9; Luke 8:4-8
Vine and Branches Union with Christ; dependence for fruitfulness Links to Fruit (good works), Pruning (discipline), Abiding (faith) John 15:1-5
Salt of the Earth Believers' preserving and flavoring influence in the world Links to Covenant (permanence), Judgment (if lost), Light (paired role) Matthew 5:13
Fountain of Life Source of wisdom, sustenance, or eternal life Links to Water (spiritual refreshment), Word of God (teaching), Holy Spirit (flow) Proverbs 13:14; John 4:14; Revelation 21:6
Drop in a Bucket Insignificance of nations or efforts before God Links to Scales (judgment), Dust (frailty), Nations (under God's rule) Isaiah 40:15

Judgment and Conflict Metaphors

These emphasize divine justice, spiritual warfare, or consequences.

Metaphor/Symbol Represents Links Within the Bible Bible References
Fire & Brimstone Divine judgment and destruction Links to Sodom/Gomorrah (example), Lake of fire (eternal punishment), Purification (refining) Genesis 19:24; Revelation 20:10; Psalm 11:6
Arrows God's judgments or afflictions Links to Bow (divine power), Quiver (stored wrath), Enemies (targeted) Psalm 38:2; Psalm 120:4; Deuteronomy 32:23
Sceptre God's rule and authority Links to King (Christ's reign), Iron rod (judgment), Throne (glory) Psalm 2:9; Revelation 2:27; Revelation 19:15
Hammer The Word of God shattering resistance Links to Rock (hard hearts), Fire (consuming paired), Judgment (breaking) Jeremiah 23:29
Two-Edged Sword The piercing, discerning power of God's Word Links to Judgment (division), Mouth of Christ (authority), Armor (spiritual warfare) Hebrews 4:12; Revelation 1:16; Ephesians 6:17
Locusts Plagues or God's judgment Links to Plagues of Egypt (deliverance), Apocalypse (end times), Army (invasion) Exodus 10:12; Joel 1:4; Revelation 9:3
Beasts Earthly kingdoms or anti-God powers Links to Dragon (Satan), Horns (authority), End times (opposition to God) Daniel 7:2-7; Daniel 8:20-22; Revelation 13:1-2
Feet of Clay Hidden flaws or instability in power Links to Statue (empires), Fall (downfall), Idols (false strength) Daniel 2:31-33
Writing on the Wall Imminent doom or divine warning Links to Judgment (weighed and found wanting), Hand (God's intervention), Feast (false security) Daniel 5:5-6
Scapegoat Bearing sins away; substitution Links to Atonement (Day of Atonement), Wilderness (removal), Jesus (fulfillment) Leviticus 16:20-22
Harvesting Judgment day or reaping consequences Links to Wheat/Tares (separation), Sickle (gathering), End times (finality) Joel 3:12-13; Matthew 13:29-30; Revelation 14:15

Spiritual Guidance and Identity Metaphors

These relate to God's character, the believer's role, or divine revelation.

Metaphor/Symbol Represents Links Within the Bible Bible References
Lamp/Light to Path God's Word as guidance in darkness Links to Feet (direction), Word (illumination), Salvation (path to life) Psalm 119:105
Mirror God's Word revealing true self Links to Self-examination (introspection), Transformation (renewal), Law (standard) James 1:23
Milk Nourishing foundational truth of God's Word Links to Growth (spiritual maturity), Babies (new believers), Meat (advanced teaching) 1 Peter 2:2; Hebrews 5:12-13
Alpha and Omega God/Jesus as beginning and end; completeness Links to First/Last (eternity), Creation (origin), End times (fulfillment) Revelation 1:8; Revelation 21:6; Revelation 22:13
Lion of Judah Jesus' royal strength and victory Links to Tribe of Judah (lineage), Lamb (contrast in sacrifice), Conqueror (triumph) Genesis 49:9; Revelation 5:5
Root of Jesse Jesus as descendant and source of life Links to Branch (growth), David (lineage), Banner (rallying point) Isaiah 11:10; Romans 15:12
Good Shepherd Jesus as protector and guide Links to Sheep (followers), Door (entry to safety), Sacrifice (lays down life) Psalm 23:1; John 10:11; Ezekiel 34:15-16
Hen and Chicks God's protective care Links to Jerusalem (gathering), Wings (shelter), Motherly love (compassion) Matthew 23:37; Psalm 91:4
Pearl of Great Price The Kingdom of God as invaluable treasure Links to Merchant (seeker), Selling all (total commitment), Hidden treasure (discovery) Matthew 13:45-46
Hidden Treasure The Kingdom's worth, worth sacrificing for Links to Field (world), Joy (finding), Selling all (commitment) Matthew 13:44
Wheat and Tares Separation of righteous and wicked at judgment Links to Field (world), Harvest (end times), Burning (punishment) Matthew 13:24-30
Dry Bones Spiritual death and revival Links to Valley (desolation), Breath (Spirit's life), Resurrection (restoration) Ezekiel 37:1-11
Circumcision Covenant sign; spiritual removal of sin nature (circumcision of the heart) Links to Abrahamic covenant (physical sign), New Covenant (spiritual fulfillment), Baptism (NT parallel for cleansing) Genesis 17:10-14; Deuteronomy 10:16; Romans 2:28-29; Colossians 2:11-12

Other Metaphors (Actions, States, and Misc.)

These include symbolic actions or states not covered.

Metaphor/Symbol Represents Links Within the Bible Bible References
Forbidden Fruit Temptation and disobedience Links to Tree of Knowledge (choice), Fall (consequences), Sin (entry) Genesis 2:16-17; Genesis 3:6
Golden Calf Idolatry and false worship Links to Exodus (rebellion), Aaron (leadership failure), Judgment (destruction) Exodus 32:4
Capstone/Cornerstone Christ's pre-eminence and foundation Links to Builders (rejection), Rock (stability), Stumbling stone (offense) Psalm 118:22; Matthew 21:42; 1 Peter 2:6-7
Signet Ring Authority and sealing Links to King (delegation), Adoption (sonship), Holy Spirit (seal) Esther 8:10; Haggai 2:23; Ephesians 1:13
Stars and Lampstands God's ministers or churches Links to Angels (messengers), Light (witness), Seven (completeness) Revelation 1:20
Baptism Union with Christ's death and resurrection; salvation Links to Water (cleansing), Burial (dying to sin), New life (resurrection) Romans 6:3-4; 1 Peter 3:21
Lord's Supper Communion with Christ; remembrance of sacrifice Links to Bread/Wine (body/blood), Covenant (new), Unity (one body) Matthew 26:26-29; 1 Corinthians 11:23-26
Anointing (action) Empowerment by the Spirit Links to Oil (symbol), Kings/Priests (calling), Healing (restoration) 1 Samuel 16:13; Luke 4:18
Sackcloth and Ashes Repentance and mourning Links to Dust (humility), Fasting (sorrow), Judgment (averted) Jonah 3:5-6; Matthew 11:21
White Hair Wisdom and purity Links to Ancient of Days (God), Crown (glory), Age (honor) Daniel 7:9; Revelation 1:14